Molecular Biology, Bioinstrumentation And Biotechniques Zoology 3rd Sem Pragati

Title: Molecular Biology, Bioinstrumentation And Biotechniques

Subject: Zoology

Class: B.Sc. 2nd Year 3rd Semester

Pages: 168

Authors:

• Dr. P.K. Agrawal (K.R.(P.G.) College, Mathura)
• Dr. S.Shabihe Raza Baqri (Shia (P.G.) College, Lucknow)
• Dr. Kumar Gaurav Bajpai (Shia (P.G.) College, Lucknow)
• Dr. Nishat Fatima (Shia (P.G.) College, Lucknow)

Description: “Molecular Biology, Bioinstrumentation And Biotechniques” is an essential textbook tailored for B.Sc. 2nd Year 3rd Semester Zoology students. The book offers a thorough exploration of molecular biology, focusing on the intricate processes of transcription and translation, the genetic code, and the regulation of gene expression. It also provides a comprehensive overview of bioinstrumentation and various biotechnological techniques crucial for contemporary biological research. Authored by renowned professors, this textbook ensures students gain a robust understanding of fundamental molecular mechanisms and advanced laboratory techniques.

Syllabus:

Unit I: Process of Transcription

• Fine Structure of Gene
• RNA Polymerase
• Transcription of Initiation Complex
• Formation of Initiation Complex
• Initiation, Elongation, and Termination of Transcription in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
• The Genetic Code

Unit II: Process of Translation

• Ribosome
• Factors Involved in Translation
• Aminoacylation of tRNA, tRNA-identity, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
• Initiation, Elongation, and Termination of Translation in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Unit III: Regulation of Gene Expression I

• Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes: lac and trp operons in E. coli
• Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes: Role of Chromatin in Gene Expression
• Regulation at Transcriptional Level
• Post-transcriptional Modification: Capping, Splicing, Polyadenylation
• RNA Editing

Unit IV: Regulation of Gene Expression II

• Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
• Regulation at Translational Level, Post-translational Modifications: Protein Folding, etc.
• Intracellular Protein Degradation
• Gene Silencing, RNA Interference (RNAi)

Unit V: Principle and Types of Microscopes

• Principle of Microscopy and Applications
• Types of Microscopes: Light Microscopy, Dark Field Microscopy, Phase-contrast Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy, Confocal Microscopy, Electron Microscopy

Unit VI: Centrifugation and Chromatography

• Principle of Centrifugation
• Types of Centrifuges: High Speed and Ultracentrifuge
• Types of Rotors: Vertical, Swing-out, Fixed-angle, etc.
• Principle and Types of Chromatography: Paper, Ion-exchange, Gel Filtration, HPLC, Affinity

Unit VII: Spectrophotometry and Biochemical Techniques

• Biochemical Techniques: Measurement of pH, Preparation of Buffers and Solutions
• Principle of Colorimetry/Spectrophotometry: Beer-Lambert Law
• Measurement, Applications, and Safety Measures of Radio-tracer Techniques

Unit VIII: Molecular Techniques

• Detection of Nucleic Acids by Gel Electrophoresis
• DNA Sequencing, DNA Fingerprinting, RFLP
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
• Detection of Proteins: PAGE, ELISA, Western Blotting