Fundamentals Of Chemistry And Quantitative Analysis 1st Sem. Kanha

Author:         Md. Rashid Tanveer (St. Andrew’s P.G. College, GKP, UP)

                      Atresh Kumar Singh  (D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, GKP)

ISBN:          978-81-956677-4-1
Pages:         356
Subject:      Chemistry
 Class:        B.Sc. 1st Semester

This textbook offers a thorough introduction to fundamental chemistry concepts and quantitative analysis, tailored for B.Sc. 1st Semester students. It combines theoretical understanding with practical applications, making it an ideal resource for building a solid foundation in chemistry.

 Contents:

SECTION A [Fundamentals of Chemistry (Theory)]

        1- Molecular Polarity and Weak Chemical Forces

•    Resonance
  – Formal Charge
  – Dipole Moment
  – Polarizing Power and Polarizability
  – Hydrogen Bond
  – Van der Waals’ Force
  – Repulsive Forces
  – Lattice Energy
  – Short Questions with Answers
  – Exercises
  – Multiple Choice Questions

        2. Simple Bonding Theories of Molecules
– Atomic Orbitals
– Aufbau Principle
– Multiple Bonds (Sigma (σ) and Pi (π) Bonds)
– Bond Length
– Valence Bond Theory (Heitler-London Approach)
– Hybridization
– Geometry of Molecules
– Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory
– Molecular Orbital Theory
– Comparison of Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theory
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

    3. Periodic Properties of Atoms [with reference to s and p block]
– Modern Periodic Law
– Modern Long or Extended Form of the Periodic Table
– Periodicity
– Periodic Trends in Properties
– Effective Nuclear Charge
– Atomic Radii (Size of Atom)
– Ionization Enthalpy or Ionization Energy
– Electron Affinity or Electron Gain Enthalpy
– Electronegativity
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

      4. Recapitulation of Basics of Organic Chemistry
– Hybridization
– Bond Length
– Bond Angles
– Bond Energy
– Localized and Delocalized Bonds
– Van der Waals Interactions
– Inclusion Compounds and Clathrates
– Charge Transfer Complexes
– Hyperconjugation
– Dipole Moment
– Electron Displacement in a Molecule
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

      5. Mechanism of Organic Reactions
– Arrow Notations in Organic Reactions
– Nature of Fission of Covalent Bond
– Types of Reagents
– Types of Organic Reactions
– Reactivity Rates of Reaction and Energy Profile
– Reactive Intermediates
– Assigning Formal Charges on Intermediates and Other Ionic Species – Average Electron Theory
– Methods of Determining Reaction Mechanism
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

              6. Stereochemistry
– Concept of Isomerism
– Structural Isomerism
– Stereoism
– Optical Isomerism
– Geometrical Isomerism
– Geometrical Isomerism in Alicyclic Compounds
– Determination of Configuration of Oximes
– Cycloalkanes and Their Relative Stability
– Conformational Isomerism
– Energy Diagrams of Cyclohexanes
– Difference Between Configurational and Conformational Isomers
– Fischer Projection, Newman and Sawhorse Projection Formulae
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

            7. Basic Computer
– Introduction
– Types of Computers
– Components of Computer
– Hardware and Software
– Operating System
– Number System
– BCD Code
– ASCII
– Constant
– Variable
– Introduction to Software Languages
– Internet
– Software Products
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

              8. Acid-Base Concept
– Bronsted-Lowry Concept of Acids and Bases
– Lewis Concept
– Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB)
– Short Questions with Answers
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

              9. Environmental Chemistry
– Introduction
– The Earth’s Atmosphere
– Environmental Pollution
– Types of Pollution
– Air Pollution
– Water Pollution
– Soil Pollution
– Greenhouse Effect
– Acid Rains
– Ozone Layer
– Exercises
– Multiple Choice Questions

          SECTION B [Quantitative Analysis (Practical)]

1.      Water Quality Analysis
2.      Estimation of Metal Ions
3.      Estimation of Acid and Alkali Contents
4.      Estimation of Inorganic Salts and Hydrated Water